Subatomic particles

Everything in the world is made up of atoms and the atom is the smallest. The structure that makes matter within an atom is sub-atom. You have particles and they include protons, neutrons and electron charge. Plus for protons, one is neutron neutral. Which gives it a charge of zero and the electron has a charge of negative.

The mass of a proton is one (amu) atomic mass unit. The mass of a neutron is also an atomic mass unit (amu) which is now the mass of an electron is for about 18 hundredths of an atomic mass unit. All purpose and objective mass is zero with one atom. Represents the proton. The positive charge with a bracket or bracket around the neutron is simply N N and the electron will usually write as E (-) or just A. The negative charge in the bracket is of two important aspects or characteristics. Every atom is an atomic number and is denoted by the letter Z. Is represented and the atomic mass of the atoms represented by the letter A of the atom. The number represents the number of protons within an atom and this is the very identity of the atom if we look at the periodic table

 and I'm looking for an atom with a proton. I know that a proton atom is hydrogen. If I had to add a proton. Hydrogen is no longer hydrogen, but it is actually the element helium identified by the two protons. And the atomic mass is not that specific atomic mass for an individual atom is just the total mass or the total weight of the atom and it comes from the weight of the proton plus the weight of the neutron as we know protons do not change but neutrons within or within the same atoms The same type of atom can be different. For example, let's look at atomic carbon. Carbon is 12 and it has carbon-14 which is written on the top left side. Atom means by mass, so I know that I have 12 mass and Carbon is carbon with a mass of 14. Where does this mass now come from?

 I know that each of the carbons has six protons and if I subtract six from that mass then I get six. The remaining four carbon-12 and H the remaining four carbon-14 and that is to represent the number of neutrons is now an atom. How is it possible to have a different number of neutrons? We introduced the concept of where isotopes of isotopes are just that you have the same atom with the same atom number but they just have a different number of neutrons and therefore different -The different weight is now the weight of the proton and the weight of the neutron is one. You look at the periodic table that you are looking at in the decimal or in the middle. The value for some atoms for chlorine on the periodic table is 35 points of mass 45 i. How do I get the decimal in the mass that it comes in. Taking an average of everything that happens naturally. Between chlorine isotopes and a number, luckily we are all left behind the math behind general chemistry and we only care about the concepts Are Organic Chemistry a Special Importance for Organic Chemistry Isotopes of deuterium or heavy hydrogen have atomic number of hydrogen, so each atom will have one proton, neutron 0 from 1 2 and 4 will have atom which has one proton and no neutron, we get a mass of 1 and this The standard atom that you are using for this atom is also called protium and it contains 99% hydrogen atoms when you have it.

Hydrogen. With a proton and a neutron you get a mass of two and this is deuterium. It is often written with the letter D. Deuterium is a heavy hydrogen and plays a role in specific reactions of organic chemistry when you are trying. If you see the molecule then the hydrogen atom will show later in NMRR that there should be a hydrogen but in its place V that just means the same molecule with a heavy hydrogen eg h2o written as d2o is just heavy. Water and finally we have one proton and two neutrons for one mass. Three are giving us tritium and any heavy hydrogen now. Radioactive but they are not going to come in organic chemistry so let's not worry about that next thing. I want to talk about the atom structure and to see where all the sub-atomic particles are located. The center of the atom is the nucleus we have and the nucleus contains your protons and since protons and neutrons your neutrons are heavily subatomic particles. This is where nuclear All the mass and the protons come from. The charge of the nucleus or atom is positively charged. The charge is going to be positive to find the atomic charge of an atom. You can calculate all the protons and then your charge. Would be positive for that number. For example the atom would have a positive 3 atomic charge which you can do. Look for the atomic number of the atom since the atom also find the charge. The atomic number represents the number of protons around the nucleus you have. Is your sphere or orbitals and this is where you will find electrons in each. The electron is confined to its original energy level, which is a topic that is most important of the sphere in future videos and where you will know that most The important electron is your valence or outermost shell. The valence electron or the outermost electrons are the ones we care about the most in organic chemistry. And the reason is that these are the very electrons that are going to interact and so many per second Make concessions.What we're going to look at is organic chemistry just to understand how sub-atomic particles actually are. In the atomic picture there is a huge football stadium and located in the very center. You have a small but heavy marble in the stadium. And the mass of the marble represents protons and neutrons and then standing all the way out in the picture. You are tiny little flies, just zipping around and these represent electrons and it gives you an idea The sheer size of the atom and the miniaturization of sub-atomic particles have to be attempted.